Carbon Steel Sheets: Grades, Types & Other Information

Some of you must be completely aware of Carbon Steel material, but some might just be hanging in there with a handful of knowledge. In an attempt to give you an insight about this, I would take an example, Carbon Steel Sheets, to voyage you through every single detail about it.

What are Carbon Steel Sheets?

Carbon Steel Sheets, sometimes called as industrial steel sheet, are the iron-carbon alloy with 0.05-2.1% of carbon content by weight. As name suggests, it is a special steel with higher concentration of carbon content with no minimum content specified for aluminium, vanadium, molybdenum, nickel, chromium, aluminium or other alloying element to obtain a desire alloying effect.

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Chemical Composition 

Carbon (C)	Manganese (Mn)	Phosphorus (P)	Sulphur (S)	Silicon (Si)	Copper (Cu)
0.026	1.65	0.04	0.05	0.60	0.20

Types of Carbon Steel Sheets

Depending on the carbon content, Carbon Steel Sheets is distinguished in:

1. Low carbon steel sheets: It is the most common form with 0.06% up to 0.25% of carbon content. Also known as mild steel, it’s very ductile & malleable.
2. Medium carbon steel sheets: It contains 0.25% up to 0.55% of carbon content, & has balanced ductility, increased strength & wear resistance.
3. High carbon steel sheets: It contains 0.55% up to 1.5% of carbon content. Also known as hard steel plate, it is known for its high strength.
4. Ultra or very high-carbon steel sheets: It contains 0.96% up to 2.1% of carbon content. It can be tempered to achieve greater hardness. It isn’t ductile.

The more carbon percentage it contains, the more carbon steel becomes stronger & harder via heat treatment process. The sheet is usually heated to obtain changes in its mechanical properties, like hardness, ductility, yield strength & impact resistance. Though increased carbon content makes carbon steel harder & stronger, it reduces its ability to be welded.

Vast Area of Application

Carbon Steel Sheets are flexible & can be worked into ornate designs. They are commonly used for the building structural purpose. The low carbon steel sheets are used for household cookware, railings, gates, chain links & fences. Medium carbon steel sheets are widely used in automobile sector, for washing machines, refrigerators, bridges, buildings & other structural purposes.

Advantages of Carbon Steel Sheets

1. Durable: Carbon Steel Sheets need a surface coating to prevent it from rusting & corrosion. Painting & powder coating are the popular choices.
2. Economical: Not as expensive as stainless steel & makes a cost-effective choice in a wide range of application.
3. Eco-friendly & green: Carbon steel is easily recycled.
4. Safe: Compared to other metals, it is a good material useful to constructing buildings which are less susceptible to hurricanes, earthquakes & fires.
5. Healthy: Carbon steel is a good material for cookware as compared to aluminum which has the ability to react with foods & cause potential health issues. 

Carbon Steel Sheets V/S Stainless Steel Sheets

In a nutshell, the main difference between Carbon Steel Sheets & Stainless Steel Sheets is that the latter has a thin layer of chromium oxide that aids in protecting it from corrosion attack, thus the former is more susceptible to corrosion attack. However, stainless steel has the lower thermal conductivity than the carbon steel.

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